Portal:Coffee
The Coffee Portal
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Introduction
Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks.
The seeds of the Coffea plant's fruits are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor.
Though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible evidence of coffee drinking as the modern beverage appears in modern-day Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century in Sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to how it is now prepared for drinking. The coffee beans were procured by the Yemenis from the Ethiopian Highlands via coastal Somali intermediaries, and cultivated in Yemen. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa, later spreading to Europe. (Full article...)
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Coffee wars, sometimes referred to as caffeine wars, involve a variety of sales and marketing tactics by coffeehouse chains and espresso machine manufacturers to increase brand and consumer market share. In North America belligerents in these wars typically include large coffeehouses, such as Starbucks, Dunkin', McDonald's, and Tim Hortons. According to The Economist, the largest coffee war of the late 2000s was between Starbucks and McDonalds in the United States. The U.S. market has, since the early 2010s, been primarily contested by its two largest players, Starbucks and Dunkin'. Since 2020, competition over the Chinese coffee market has intensified between Starbucks and Luckin Coffee.
Periods of low economic activity and business recessions––which contribute to diminished consumer demand––have been linked to an increase in coffee wars. Major innovations in the coffee industry, particularly the advent of single-serve espresso pods, have lowered the market's barrier to entry. Although store count has been traditionally seen as gauging market share, both firms and analysts have incorporated revenue, balance sheets, organic growth, operating margin, and stock market performance as comparable indicators. (Full article...)General images -
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Café de Flore in Paris is one of the oldest coffeehouses in the city. It is celebrated for its famous clientele, which included high-profile writers and philosophers. (from Coffeehouse)The
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Viennese coffeehouse (2004) (from Coffee culture)A
- Coffee grinder (from
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Federal Coffee Palace, built on Collins Street, Melbourne, in 1888, was the largest and grandest Coffee Palace ever built. It was demolished in 1973. (from Coffeehouse)The
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espresso machine with pump (from Coffee preparation)Home
- Wheel coffee grinder (from
- Single serve Vietnamese drip filter (from
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Trieste - in the local dialect "Nero in B" (from Coffee culture)An espresso by the glass in
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Palestinian women grinding coffee, 1905 (from History of coffee)
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Helsinki (from Coffeehouse)Café Kampela,
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Monsooned Malabar arabica, compared with green Yirgachefe beans from Ethiopia (from History of coffee)
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espresso machine without pump (only with steam pressure) (from Coffee preparation)Home
- A cup of coffee with
- Dutch engraving of Mocha in 1692 (from
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Vienna (from Coffeehouse)Café Mélange,
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Viennese café (from Coffeehouse)A
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Statue of Fernando Pessoa by Lagoa Henriques, next to the A Brasileira café, in Chiado, Lisbon. (from Coffeehouse)
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Melbourne (2006) (from Coffee culture)A coffee shop at a library in
- A variation on the moka pot with the upper section formed as a coffee fountain (from
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John Frederick Lewis (1857) (from History of coffee)The Coffee Bearer by
- Café Zimmermann, Leipzig (engraving by Johann Georg Schreiber, 1732) (from
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Söderhamn, Sweden, seated for fika (c. 1916) (from Coffee culture)Family in
- The word coffee in various European languages (from
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Kaffa kalid coffeepot, by French silversmith François-Thomas Germain, 1757, silver with ebony handle, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
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Utrecht (from Coffeehouse)A café in a former church,
- Pope Clement VIII: The Pope who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians (from
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Angeles City, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)A coffee shop in
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Caffè San Marco in Trieste, known for its artists, writers and intellectuals (2014) (from Coffee culture)
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Caffe Reggio on MacDougal Street in New York City's Greenwich Village which was founded in 1927 (from Coffeehouse)
- A coffee bearer, from the
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pour-over, the water passes through the coffee grounds, gaining soluble compounds to form coffee. Insoluble compounds remain within the coffee filter. (from Coffee preparation)In a
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Caffè Florian in Venice (from Coffeehouse)
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Tirana (2017) (from Coffee culture)Cafés in central
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Centre Place, Melbourne. Australia and New Zealand have competing claims as being the birthplace of the "flat white". (from Coffeehouse)
- "Discussing the
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Trieste from where the cappuccino spread (from Coffeehouse)
- Coffeepot (cafetière "campanienne"), part of a service, 1836, hard-paste porcelain, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from
- 18th century French plan of Mocha, Yemen. The Somali, Jewish and European quarters are located outside the citadel. The Dutch, English, Turkish and French trading posts are inside the city walls. (from
- Coffee plantation (from
- Drip coffee maker (from
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kopitiam, Malaysia (from Coffeehouse)Inside of a
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Belgrade (2013) (from Coffee culture)Coffee break in
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pastries or other food items. (from Coffeehouse)Coffeehouses often sell
- Central European Habsburg coffee house culture: news, coffee, the glass of water and the marble table top (2004) (from
- Allow cold brew to steep for 8 to 24 hours (from
- Dutch coffee-roasting machine, c. 1920 (from
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Breda (from Coffeehouse)Café neon sign in
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A coffeehouse in London, 17th century (from Coffeehouse)
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Cairo, 18th century (from Coffeehouse)A coffeehouse in
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Moka pot (from Coffee preparation)
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spices (from Coffee preparation)Various grinders for coffee and
- Filter coffee being brewed (from
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Caffè Florian in Venice (2015) (from Coffee culture)
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Vienna and Trieste: the coffee, the newspaper, the glass of water and the marble tabletop (from History of coffee)Coffee house culture between
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Norman, Oklahoma (from Coffeehouse)The Grey Owl Coffee shop in
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Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (from Coffeehouse)A shop specialised in drip coffee in
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Baliuag, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)Interior of an espresso bar from
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Café Tortoni is an emblematic café in Buenos Aires. Frequented by Jorge Luis Borges among many other figures of Argentina. (from Coffeehouse)
- Rumah Loer, a contemporary-style coffee shop (
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Buryatia, Russia (from Coffeehouse)Roadside café on the summer terrace.
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Bedouin from a beehive village in Aleppo, Syria, sipping the traditional murra (bitter) coffee, 1930 (from History of coffee)Syrian
- Commercial
- A 1652 handbill advertising coffee for sale in St. Michael's Alley, London (from
More did you know? -
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Caffè latte (Italian: [kafˌfɛ lˈlatte]), often shortened to just latte (/ˈlɑːteɪ, ˈlæteɪ/) in English, is a coffee drink of Italian origin made with espresso and steamed milk, traditionally served in a glass. Variants include the chocolate-flavored mocha or replacing the coffee with another beverage base such as masala chai (spiced Indian tea), mate, matcha, turmeric or rooibos; alternatives to milk, such as soy milk, almond milk or oat milk, are also used.
The term comes from the Italian caffellatte or caffè latte, from caffè e latte, literally "coffee and milk"; in English orthography either or both words sometimes have an accent on the final e (a hyperforeignism in the case of *latté, or to indicate it is pronounced, not the more-common silent final e of English). In northern Europe and Scandinavia, the term café au lait has traditionally been used for the combination of espresso and milk. In France, cafè latte is from the original name of the beverage (caffè latte); a combination of espresso and steamed milk equivalent to a "latte" is in French called un crème (un grand crème using cream instead of milk) and in German Milchkaffee. (Full article...)Selected image -
Did you know (auto-generated)
- ... that Justly Watson died suddenly in 1757 from the effects of poison administered in his coffee, it was believed, by a servant?
- ... that during the October 1980 West Nile campaign, rebels were initially hailed as "liberators", only for them to start looting coffee?
- ... that Bob Dylan poked Emmylou Harris when he wanted her to start singing during the recording of "One More Cup of Coffee (Valley Below)"?
- ... that the Chronicle of the 20th Century was so heavy that it was said to be "the first coffee table book seriously to threaten the well-being of coffee-tables"?
- ... that the city council of Bandung in the Dutch East Indies initially met at the site of a former coffee-packing factory?
- ... that the Highfield Cocoa and Coffee House in Sheffield, England, sold tea, coffee and cocoa at a penny a pint and also provided billiards and reading rooms?
- ... that in a copyright infringement case over a coffee-table history of the Grateful Dead, the Second Circuit held that a reuser can still claim fair use despite negotiating with the rights holder?
- ... that actor Tatsunari Kimura ate pancakes and drank coffee while talking for eight hours during the filming of the television drama Old-Fashioned Cupcake?
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Web resources
- World Coffee Research – a 501 (c)(5) nonprofit program of the international coffee industry. (Wikipedia article: World Coffee Research)
- Coffee Research Foundation – based in Kenya, and founded in 1908
- Central Coffee Research Institute – based in Chickmagalur District, India, and founded in 1915