Order of the Great Siberian Ice March: Difference between revisions
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{{infobox award |
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| name = Insignia of the military order for the Great Siberian Ice March |
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The ''' |
The '''Insignia of the military order for the Great Siberian Ice March''' ({{Lang-ru|Знак отличия Военного ордена «За Великий Сибирский поход»}}) was a [[campaign medal]] of the [[White movement]] during the [[Russian Civil War]]. The insignia, a variation of the [[Cross of St. George]], was established on 11 February 1920, by order of the commander of the Eastern Front of the remnants of Kolchak's [[Russian Army (1919)|Russian Army]], [[Major general|Major-General]] [[Sergei Wojciechowski|Sergei Voytsekhovsky]]. The decoration was awarded only to individuals who had participated in the [[Great Siberian Ice March]]. The number of awards was limited by the number of soldiers and refugees that came to [[Transbaikal]]ia from the Eastern Front. |
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The two-class insignia was established in February 1920 by Voytsekhovsky. The insignia consisted of a silver crown of thorns pierced by a golden sword,{{Sfn|Tsipkin|1996|p=39}} which alluded to the insignia worn by participants of the [[Ice March|Kuban Ice March]].{{Sfn|Smele|2016|p=118}} The 1st class of the insignia was awarded to troops and staff officers and worn on the ribbon of [[Order of St. George|St. George]]. The remainder of participants in the march were entitled to the 2nd class of the insignia, worn on the ribbon of the [[Order of Saint Vladimir]].{{Sfn|Durov|1994|pp=36–37}} |
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An order issued on 27 April signed by Voytsekhovsky named the first recipients of the decoration. Recipients of the 1st class of the insignia included Voytsekhovsky himself, former commander of the 2nd Separate Rifle Corps Lieutenant General Konstantin Sakharov, 2nd Corps commander Lieutenant General [[Grigory Verzhbitsky]], and front chief of staff Major General Sergei Shepikhin.{{Sfn|Durov|1994|pp=36–37}} |
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By mid-1921, 7,173 insignias of the second class were produced. 582 people received the insignia of the 2nd class, including 136 nurses.{{Sfn|Tsipkin|1996|p=39}} Orders of the [[Far Eastern Army]] survive listing the names of 4,932 recipients of the insignia.{{Sfn|Prostnev|Korobeynikov|2014|p=124}} Insignia were first manufactured in Chita and Vladivostok, and [[White émigré|White émigrés]] continued to produce the insignias in exile in Harbin, Paris, and Berlin. The insignias produced in exile were made without reference to the order establishing the insignia, and contained design deviations that eventually made them resemble the Kuban Ice March insignia.{{Sfn|Osipov|Vyazmitinov|Kamalova|2019}} |
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== References == |
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=== Citations === |
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<references /> |
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=== Bibliography === |
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* {{Cite journal |last=Durov |first=Valery |date=January 1994 |title=Полузабытая награда. Материалы к знаку отличия Военного ордена " За Великий Сибирский поход |trans-title=Half-forgotten award: Materials for the history of the Decoration of the Military Order "For the Great Siberian Ice March" |journal=Tseykhgauz: Russian Military History Journal |language=ru |issue=3 |pages=36–37 |issn=2223-5175}} |
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* {{Cite journal|last1=Osipov|first1=S.V.|last2=Vyazmitinov|first2=M. N.|last3=Kamalova|first3=R. Sh.|title=Организационные и технические проблемы становления белогвардейской наградной системы|journal=Historical Journal: Scientific Research|year=2019|issue=2|pages=51–61|doi=10.7256/2454-0609.2019.2.28672|s2cid=243601943 |lang=ru|trans-title=Organizational and technical problems of the creation of the White Guard award system|doi-access=free}} |
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* {{Cite journal |last1=Prostnev |first1=Sergei |last2=Korobeynikov |first2=Aleksei |date=2014 |title=Список воткинцев, награждённых за Сибирский Ледяной поход |trans-title=List of Votkinsk residents decorated for the Siberian Ice March |url=https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/spisok-votkintsev-nagrazhdyonnyh-za-sibirskiy-ledyanoy-pohod |journal=Idnakar: Methods of Historical and Cultural Reconstruction |volume=3 |language=ru |issue=20 |pages=123–193 |issn=1994-0599}} |
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* {{cite book |last1=Smele |first1=Jonathan |title=The 'Russian' Civil Wars, 1916-1926: Ten Years That Shook the World |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2016 |isbn=9781849044240 |location= |type= |author-link=}} |
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* {{Cite book |last=Tsipkin |first=Yuri |title=Белое движение на Дальнем Востоке, 1920-1922 гг |publisher=Khabarovsk State Pedagogical University |year=1996 |language=ru |trans-title=The White Movement in the Far East, 1920–1922}} |
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Latest revision as of 01:14, 4 October 2023
| Insignia of the military order for the Great Siberian Ice March | |
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| Established | 11 February 1920 |
The Insignia of the military order for the Great Siberian Ice March (Russian: Знак отличия Военного ордена «За Великий Сибирский поход») was a campaign medal of the White movement during the Russian Civil War. The insignia, a variation of the Cross of St. George, was established on 11 February 1920, by order of the commander of the Eastern Front of the remnants of Kolchak's Russian Army, Major-General Sergei Voytsekhovsky. The decoration was awarded only to individuals who had participated in the Great Siberian Ice March. The number of awards was limited by the number of soldiers and refugees that came to Transbaikalia from the Eastern Front.
The two-class insignia was established in February 1920 by Voytsekhovsky. The insignia consisted of a silver crown of thorns pierced by a golden sword,[1] which alluded to the insignia worn by participants of the Kuban Ice March.[2] The 1st class of the insignia was awarded to troops and staff officers and worn on the ribbon of St. George. The remainder of participants in the march were entitled to the 2nd class of the insignia, worn on the ribbon of the Order of Saint Vladimir.[3]
An order issued on 27 April signed by Voytsekhovsky named the first recipients of the decoration. Recipients of the 1st class of the insignia included Voytsekhovsky himself, former commander of the 2nd Separate Rifle Corps Lieutenant General Konstantin Sakharov, 2nd Corps commander Lieutenant General Grigory Verzhbitsky, and front chief of staff Major General Sergei Shepikhin.[3]
By mid-1921, 7,173 insignias of the second class were produced. 582 people received the insignia of the 2nd class, including 136 nurses.[1] Orders of the Far Eastern Army survive listing the names of 4,932 recipients of the insignia.[4] Insignia were first manufactured in Chita and Vladivostok, and White émigrés continued to produce the insignias in exile in Harbin, Paris, and Berlin. The insignias produced in exile were made without reference to the order establishing the insignia, and contained design deviations that eventually made them resemble the Kuban Ice March insignia.[5]
References
Citations
- ^ a b Tsipkin 1996, p. 39.
- ^ Smele 2016, p. 118.
- ^ a b Durov 1994, pp. 36–37.
- ^ Prostnev & Korobeynikov 2014, p. 124.
- ^ Osipov, Vyazmitinov & Kamalova 2019.
Bibliography
- Durov, Valery (January 1994). "Полузабытая награда. Материалы к знаку отличия Военного ордена " За Великий Сибирский поход" [Half-forgotten award: Materials for the history of the Decoration of the Military Order "For the Great Siberian Ice March"]. Tseykhgauz: Russian Military History Journal (in Russian) (3): 36–37. ISSN 2223-5175.
- Osipov, S.V.; Vyazmitinov, M. N.; Kamalova, R. Sh. (2019). "Организационные и технические проблемы становления белогвардейской наградной системы" [Organizational and technical problems of the creation of the White Guard award system]. Historical Journal: Scientific Research (in Russian) (2): 51–61. doi:10.7256/2454-0609.2019.2.28672. S2CID 243601943.
- Prostnev, Sergei; Korobeynikov, Aleksei (2014). "Список воткинцев, награждённых за Сибирский Ледяной поход" [List of Votkinsk residents decorated for the Siberian Ice March]. Idnakar: Methods of Historical and Cultural Reconstruction (in Russian). 3 (20): 123–193. ISSN 1994-0599.
- Smele, Jonathan (2016). The 'Russian' Civil Wars, 1916-1926: Ten Years That Shook the World. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9781849044240.
- Tsipkin, Yuri (1996). Белое движение на Дальнем Востоке, 1920-1922 гг [The White Movement in the Far East, 1920–1922] (in Russian). Khabarovsk State Pedagogical University.
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